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Want to learn the rules of Handball? In this blog post, we’ll explore the rules, positions, tactics, equipment and history of handball. Providing you with a comprehensive understanding of this captivating sport.

Handball is a dynamic team sport with skilful plays and intense competition. Played with enthusiasm and precision, handball combines elements of basketball, soccer, and hockey to create an exciting and engaging game.

Types of Handball and The Differences Between Them

Before we start we thought it important to be clear on what game of handball we will cover. The term “handball” can refer to different games. Here are three different games commonly referred to as handball:

American Handball: American handball is a one-on-one or two-on-two game where players use their hands to hit a small rubber ball against a wall. The objective is to make the ball bounce twice before the opponent can return it. American handball is typically played outdoors on a four-walled court, but it can also be played indoors.

Gaelic Handball: Gaelic handball is an Irish sport similar to American handball but with its own unique rules and court design. It is played with a smaller ball which players strike against a wall using their hands, similar to American handball. Gaelic handball can be played in singles or doubles and is traditionally played on a one-, three-, or four-walled court

Team Handball (Olympic Handball): Team handball, also known as Olympic handball, is different to the previous two as it is an indoor team sport played with seven players on each team. It involves throwing a ball into the opponent’s goal to score points while following specific rules and regulations. The team that scores the most goals within a designated time frame wins the match.

This is the game we will explore in this article. If you want to learn more about the other types, let us know in the comments!

The History of Olympic Handball and Its International Governing Body

Handball, originated in Northern Europe in the late 19th century and gained popularity in Germany, Denmark, and Sweden before spreading. The sport’s development led to the establishment of the International Amateur Handball Federation in 1928, later replaced by the International Handball Federation in 1946. Indoor handball was introduced in the 1940s, revolutionizing the game with its faster pace. Handball became an official Olympic sport in 1972, featuring the modern indoor version played with seven players per team. International competitions, including the Men’s and Women’s Handball World Championships, showcased the sport’s growth.

The International Handball Federation (IHF) serves as the sports global governing body, overseeing international competitions, establishing rules, and promoting the sport’s development across the globe.

The Aim of a Handball Game

The primary objective in handball is simple, to score more goals than the opposing team. To achieve this, teams engage in strategic plays, passing, and shooting to outsmart the defence and beat the goalkeeper. Effective teamwork, communication, and quick decision-making are crucial to success in handball.

What Equipment do I need to play Handball?

To play handball, players require a few essential pieces of equipment. These include a handball, which is a round ball made of leather or synthetic material. The ball should be of an appropriate size and weight, depending on the age group and gender. A good handball can cost a small fortune but if you want a good quality ball for a novice, but that can also be used in competitvley, we recommend: Molten Nueva X1200 No. 2 Ball

Additionally, players wear appropriate athletic attire, including jerseys, shorts, and indoor athletic shoes with good grip.

The Dimensions of a Handball Court

A standard handball court is 40 meters long and 20 meters wide, with a goal at each end. The court is marked with various lines, including the centre line, goal lines, and team areas. The goal area, where only the goalkeeper can enter, is marked by a semi-circle. 

The court’s surface is typically made of wood or synthetic materials, providing good traction, and allowing for swift movements.

Players and Positions in Team Handball

Handball positions are divided into three categories: outfield players, a goalkeeper, and a team captain. Outfield players include a combination of backs, wings, and pivots. 

Backs primarily focus on attack and defence, contributing to both scoring and preventing goals. 

Wings specialise in fast breaks, while pivots serve as a connection point between the backline and the opposing defence. 

The goalkeeper, stationed within the goal area, defends against the opponent’s shots.

Key Rules of Handball

Three-Step Rule: When a player has possession of the ball, they are allowed to take up to three steps without dribbling. After these three steps, they must pass, shoot, or bounce the ball to the ground. If a player takes more than three steps without releasing the ball, it is considered a traveling violation, and the opposing team is awarded a free throw.

Dribbling Limit: While players can take up to three steps without dribbling, they must adhere to a limit on dribbling. A player who has stopped dribbling is not allowed to start dribbling again unless they have passed or bounced the ball. If a player picks up their dribble and then dribbles again without passing or bouncing, the opposing team is awarded a free throw.

Passing: Players can pass the ball to teammates using various techniques, including standard passes, bounce passes, or overhead throws.

Shooting: When attempting to score a goal, players must release the ball before stepping into the goal area. The ball must cross the goal line and enter the goal without violating any rules. Players often use a vertical jump shot, here players jump into the air and aim the ball down towards the goal.

Goal Area Restrictions: Only the goalkeeper is allowed to enter the goal area, also known as the crease or six-meter line. Outfield players are not permitted to step into this area unless they are in the act of shooting. If an outfield player enters the goal area without a legitimate reason, it is considered a foul. The opposing team is awarded a free throw.

Offence Against Defence: When an offensive player is attacking, they are not allowed to charge into or make significant contact with a defensive player. Charging or forcefully pushing an opponent can result in an offensive foul and a turnover of possession.

Illegal Contact: Players are not allowed to engage in excessive physical contact, such as pushing, holding, tripping, or hitting opponents. These actions are considered fouls and can result in penalties or free throws for the opposing team.

Time Limit: Players have a limited amount of time to take shots or pass the ball before the opposition gains possession. This time limit adds urgency and pace to the game.

Key Tactics of Handball

There are many key tactics on display during a game, two to look out for are;

Fast Breaks: Teams often try to take advantage with quick counterattacks when the opposing defence is unorganised.

Set Plays: Handball incorporates a range of set plays. These can include specific moves during free throws, penalties, and throw-ins. These can create scoring opportunities or confuse the opposing defence.

Handball, with its blend of athleticism, teamwork, and strategic prowess, provides an exhilarating experience for players and fans alike. From its historical roots to the modern international competitions overseen by the IHF, handball continues to grow in popularity worldwide. We have provided information on the rules of Olympic handball, player positions, tactics, plus much more. We hope to have well-equipped you to appreciate and enjoy the thrilling world of handball!

Check out the current rankings within handball here. Or, check out another all sport article; The Rules of Volleyball!